Walmarts policies and values - Free Essay Example

Walmart is the worlds largest retailer. Like many other companies, Walmart may have started out with good intentions but failed to deliver due to numerous ethical violations. Walmarts founder, Sam Walton, has long stood by his dream of providing low cost prices for consumers. Numerous lawsuits in which Walmart is accused of poor employment practices and wage law violations where in some instances employees were forced to work without pay, required to work overtime and during scheduled breaks, and failed to properly compensate employees for hours worked, exploitation of workers, including child-labor laws, sexual discrimination in regards to its promotion policies and pay rates, and inadequate health care options. Walmarts objective was to keep labor costs down and management was key in overseeing that those objectives were met. Some were compensated for their loyalty to the corporate objectives, others fell victims for fear of being fired or demoted. Walmarts unethical behaviors seem to repeat a common theme amongst a large number of corporations both in the private and public sector. Unfortunately, the ethical issues Walmart faces are all too common. There were some former Walmart employees told their stories about how Walmart underpaid them. As an example, Joyce Moody, who used to be a Walmart manager, said that the company threatened to write up managers if they didnt bring the payroll low enough (qtd. Dicker 81). They forced the employees to work off the clock or deducted employees hours in the time sheet. Walmart has been accused of sexual discrimination in regard to its promotion policies and pay rates between its male and female employees. On June 22, 2004, Walmart became part of the largest class-action sexual discrimination lawsuit claiming that female employees received 6.2 percent less on average than male employees for similar jobs and that even though a large percentage of women held the majority of positions, only 33 percent held management positions at Walmart (Stanwick Stanwick, 2009). In the article Wal-Mart Female Employees Try Again for Sex-Bias Class Action, Jordyn Holman presents the lawsuit between Walmart Stores Inc. with a group of women who believe that they were unequally treated and faced gender discrimination during their employment with this company. She highlights that the defendants claim that they were not treated equally compare to other male workers, in which they were paid less and denied opportunities, in the complaint filed in Floridas federal court. She notes that this lawsuit is a part of Dukes and Walmart Stores Inc. case in 2001, which is acknowledged that the company had a kind of sex-bias over women in promotion, pay, training and job assignment. This case was representing for 1.6 million Walmart female workers. Besides that, she also lists that these cases are just a part of other 2,000 claims that were filed with the U.S. Equal Employment Opportunity Commission for sex-bias in pay and promotions at Walmart. Continually criticized for its healthcare polices, Walmart has taken some initiative in finding common ground in regard to this ethical dilemma. Walmarts healthcare plan was 40 percent lower than the average for all other United States companies and 30 percent lower than the average for the retail industry (Stanwick Stanwick, 2009). Walmart could change its position by re-examining other companies healthcare plans and at least meeting some of the industry standards met. The fact that the case study claimed that 5 percent of employees were on Medicaid, 46 percent of employees children did not have health care coverage and chose to enlist in their spouses healthcare plans shows that how little Walmart was offering for healthcare was less than desirable (Stanwick Stanwick, 2009). Walmart has gotten a bad reputation for its unfair employee policies and discriminatory practices, which demonstrates that the company is focused more on profits rather than social benefits. The company should manage to improve its policies and values and focus more on its contribution to the society. Therefore, Walmart does not exemplify the way business should be conducted.

Attitude of Nurses Towards Hiv/Aids Patient - 7371 Words

Journal of Public Health and Epidemiology Vol. 3(4), pp. 144-154, April 2011 Available online at http://www.academicjournals.org/jphe ISSN 2141-2316  ©2011 Academic Journals Full Length Research Paper Nurses’ knowledge, perceptions, and attitudes towards HIV/AIDS: Effects of a health education intervention on two nursing groups in Cairo University, Egypt Eman Taher and Rehab Abdelhai* Department of Public Health, Faculty of Medicine, Cairo University, Egypt. Accepted 3 April, 2011 Information education and communication (IEC) programs are the most effective available approaches for combating the HIV pandemic especially among nurses. The aim of this study is to assess knowledge, perceptions and attitudes towards HIV/AIDS before and after†¦show more content†¦Several studies have explored HIV/AIDS knowledge, attitudes and practices (KAP) of healthcare workers in developing countries. Results revealed existence of anxiety and fear of contagion accompanied by lack of knowledge on HIV transmission and methods of prevention (Mbanya et al., 2001; Walusimbi and Okonsky, 2004; Oyeyemi et al., 2006). Nurses attitudes towards patients with HIV/AIDS have been shown to indicate negative and discriminatory behaviors (Mbanya et al., 2001; Oyeyemi et al., 2006; Reis et al., 2005), while fewer studies have pointed to more empathic attitudes (Walusimbi and Okonsky, 2004). The lack of a vaccine or cure for HIV/AIDS makes information, education and communication (IEC) pr ograms the only available approach for combating the pandemic (International Institute for Educational Planning/UNESCO, 2003). The positive impact of these programs on HIV/AIDS KAP has been previously reported (Uwakwe, 2000; Ezedinachi et al., 2002). It is imperative for nurses to be knowledgeable about HIV/ AIDS transmission, prevention and treatment in order to maintain quality of care while coping with a universal increase in workload (Mazloomy and Baghianimoghadam, 2008). No empirical data exists on the knowledge and attitudes of nurses towards HIV/AIDS at Kasr El Aini Teaching Hospital of Cairo University. Hence the aim of this study was to assess the basic knowledge of these nurses as regard HIV/AIDS and its availableShow MoreRelatedHow Health Psychology Can Aid Nurses in Caring for Patients with HIV989 Words   |  4 Pageshow health psychology can aid nurses in caring for patients with human immunodeficiency virus (HIV). It will look at how stigma can impact on the behaviou r of patients with HIV as well as explain causes for non adherence. Health psychology studies thoughts, emotions and behaviours related to health and illness. It uses a biopsychosocial approach which considers all aspects of a persons life. 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Work Place Hazards

Question: Discuss about theWork Place Hazards. Answer: Introduction: In opinion of Jailer et al. (2016), workplace hazards define the health and safety problems faced by the employees in office environment. There are different types of health hazards such as physical, chemical, biological and ergonomic health hazards that affect the health of the workers. Steel (2015) has mentioned that use of machinery without permission creates trouble in the workplace. Emission of chemicals from the tools pollutes the environment that affects the environment in work area. The unethical use of machinery also creates hazards in the workplace (Bedi, 2015). The environmental pollution affects the health of workers that affects their service provided to the company. The present proposal will deal with the workplace hazard faced in Accenture. It will help to understand the safety issues faced by the employees of the organisation and to offer necessary solutions to dissolve the issues in the company. It will help to justify the proposed solution needed for the current scenario. Background and Revision of the Challenge faced by Accenture: Objectives: The objectives of the research proposal are as follows: To address different types of work place hazards faced in the organisation. To identify the solution that helps in dissolving the issues. To investigate the workplace hazard issues that prevalent in Accenture. To address the solution needed to reduce the workplace hazards in the organisation. Justification: The current proposal has focused on identifying the workplace problems faced by the organisation. Here, it is observed that different chemical, biological and physical hazards are there that affect the health and safety of the worker in the office. The proposal will assist to identify the hazardous issues faced in Accenture. It is observed that the organisation faces operational issues that affect the safety issue of the employees. It is observed that the employees of Accenture face unhealthy condition in the workplace. The emission of chemical and harmful gases from the manufacturing plant affects the health of the workers (Lefkowitz, 2015). The employees of the organisation also confront issues regarding the use of defective tools in the workplace. The unsafe use of these tools creates trouble for the workers in the work area. Therefore, the company should focus on incorporating wireless detection system to control the use of multi-gas in the company (Runkle et al. 2014). It helps to control the emission of chemical and gases in the working sites. The company might also work on introducing highly advanced technology that helps the company to address the safety of the workers in the location. Analysis of the Proposed Solution for Challenges: The proposed solution has focused on including wireless detection system that helps to monitor and regulate the release of chemical and harmful products in the workplace. It aids to protect the health condition of workers in the hazardous environment of the company. On the other hand, the company has worked on including high quality technology that assists to resist the accidents in hazardous location of the work area. It helps to control the pollution in the manufacturing sites that protects the health of the workers. The introduction of Wi-Fi technologies assists the organisation to address the location of the staffs to provide safety measures to them. Hierarchal Decomposition Process: Scope: The scope of the present proposal is to identify the workplace hazards faced in Accenture. The main objective of the proposal is to identify the key work place hazards faced in Accenture. The safety of the workers is the prime objective followed by the company. Therefore, the organisation has focused on enhancing the wireless detection system that helps to improve the present health condition of the workers. The research proposal will also help the company to take necessary steps for protecting the health condition of the workers. The proposal helps to address the need of protecting the health of the employees in business environment. It will help the company to protect the health and hygiene of the workers. The incorporation of Wi-Fi connection helps the organisation to locate the position of the employees in workplace. Installation of sensor helps to increase the security of the workers in the company. Scope Exclusions: In opinion of Clarke et al. (2015), scope exclusion helps in defining the topic that is excluded from the topic. It is observed that the scope exclusion focuses on controlling the expectations of the stakeholders. In the present scenario, it is observed that Accenture has focused on including project charter that helps the company to address the boundaries of the project. The firm has focused on protecting the location of the site. Okun et al. (2016) has mentioned that social exclusion assists the company to offer revolutionary approach to protect the health and safety of the workers. The scope exclusion assists the company to understand the necessity of including the awareness programs that assist the firm to improve the business operation. Project Plan: The project plan of the present proposal has focused on following the hierarchical decomposition process that assists in decomposing the objects of the present project. McCaughey et al. (2013) has mentioned that black box, middle size, cohesion, fan out, coupling are some of the concepts present in hierarchical decomposition process. Clarke et al. (2015) has opined that coupling defines the independency of two modules. It is observed that the coupling assists in collecting the data and information. Jailer et al. (2016) has mentioned that black box possesses predictable behavior and consists of documents unnecessary in different other units. Steel (2015) has stated that cohesion explains the strength possesses in associating elements of different documents. The present study has focused on implementing the coupling process that assists to incorporate different input materials to attain proper output products. It is observed that logical cohesion defines the module that performs simila r tasks. The present proposal has focused on implementing the project plan that helps to analyse the matters related with workplace hazards prevalent in the Accenture. SWOT Analysis: The SWOT analysis of the present proposal has helped to understand the strength, weakness, opportunity and threat connected with the present study. The strength of the proposal is that it helps to understand the workplace issues faced in the manufacturing sites of the company. It also assists to understand the safety policies taken by the organization. The weakness of the project is that the company has failed to avail the necessary steps needed to improve the present condition. The opportunity of the project is to address the security measures taken by the company to protect the dignity of employees. The project also faces technical threats of improving the safety and security measures in workplace. Methodology: The present proposal has followed exploratory research design that assists to improve the business performance of the organization. Smith (2015) has mentioned that exploratory research design helps to analyse the data and information required to draw relevant conclusion in the present topic. The proposal will also follow the descriptive research design that helps to analyse the data collected in the present study. Mackey Gass (2015) has opined that descriptive research design helps to explain the data in reference to the present topic. The present proposal has focused on following the descriptive research design that helps to understand the necessary steps needed to taken for improving the present condition in the workplace of Accenture. Here, the researcher has focused on following the primary data collection process that helps to understand the feedback of the clients regarding the current topic. It is observe that the opinion of the clients assist to understand the necessary step s that should be taken by the company to protect the health and safety needs of the clients. The present proposal will also focus on considering inductive research design that helps to mix different theories to develop a theory. In the present scenario, it is noticed that the inductive research design helps to understand the different theories that relevant to develop a single theory that helps to reduce the chances of challenges in workplace. Deliverables: The deliverables of the present proposal are the security plans that are developed by Accenture to provide better working environment to the workers. It is observed that the company introduces security plans that assist to understand the steps taken by the company to improve the business operation. The plans and diagrams are the deliverables that are needed to improve the present working condition prevalent in the workplace. Here, the researcher has focused on addressing the key elements of the project. The project plan helps to make the strategy for reducing workplace troubles in Accenture. Development Tasks and Milestones: The present proposal will assist to understand the development tasks taken by Accenture to improve the business performance of the organisation. The company has worked on introducing detection system for controlling the multi-gas that helps to improve the condition of work area. The improvement in the workplace helps to protect the health of the workers. Accenture has also worked on introducing high quality technology that helps the company to locate the position of the workers. It assists them to keep safe distance from the danger prevalent in the manufacturing site. The use of Wi-Fi connection helps the company to locate the position of the workers. It helps to monitor the environment in the plant. The organization has located gas-detector that helps to reduce the chances of pollution in the work area. It assists to protect the health and safety of the staffs in the office. The firm has focused on introducing protect policy to retain the safety of the workers in the plant. It helps the organisation to locate the uncontrolled area. The department of Research and Development has focused on enhancing the range of solution provided to the staff in the work place. Analysis of the Risk Factor and Quality Assurance Process: Resource Requirements and Costs: The research proposal will help to understand the resources needed to fulfill the requirements of the solution. Here, it is observed that the company has focused on improving the detection system that helps to control the emission of gases in the manufacturing site. Therefore, the company uses resources such as advanced equipments, tools to attain the desired objectives. Accenture has also worked on introducing different technologies that assist the company to address the accidental areas in the manufacturing site. The company has also introduced a cost management plan that helps to regulate the cost of the present plan. It assists the organisation to improve the condition of sites to provide safety working environment to the workers. The company has worked on introducing different highly advanced technical equipments that affect their business operation. Clarke et al. (2015) has mentioned that the involvement of technological equipments assists the organisation to improve the detect ion system that helps to locate the position of employees in short period of time. It assists the company to improve the safety and security service provided to the workers in the company. Project Team: The director of HR department in Accenture endeavours to introduce different material to enhance the quality of protection. The company has also made a Research and Development team that assists to enhance the security measures prevalent in the manufacturing site. Mackey Gass (2015) have opined that the permit of the project team helps to make their activities legal. Accenture has focused on introducing different legal policies to retain ethical issues in the organization. Accenture has worked on incorporating different legal regulations to control the activities of the employees in the organization. It helps them to improve the business operation. The team leaders and managers have worked on introducing different legal consultation and licenses that assist the company to attain the solution needed to dissolve the workplace hazards in the organisation. Strong relation between team members help to improve the safety plan to protect the health of workers in the work area. It also help s to avail the opinion of workers regarding their present health condition and the necessity of improving the present position of security in the company. Project Work Plan: Control Plans and Timeline: Team Project task Time required (week1-week8) Team 1 Introducing detection system for controlling the multi-gas Week 1-3 Team 2 Incorporation Wi-Fi connection to locate the position of the workers. Week 4-Week 5 Team 3 Introducing project plan Week 6-Wek 8 The control plan of Accenture has focused on introducing different programs that affect the company to enhance their security system. It is observed that the company has worked on introducing detection system that helps in controlling the emission of gas and chemical materials that affect their business operation. Team 1 consists of team managers that assist the organisation to control the pollution in the office environment. Team 2 consists of team managers that help the company to incorporate the Wi-Fi connection that helps the company to improve the security in different locations of the site. Team 3 consists of employees of the company that focuses o developing the project plan to enhance the security prevalent in the workplace. Roles and Responsibilities: The role and responsibilities of the team members help to understand their activities and involvement in the project. It is observed that the manager has worked on implementing introducing team work to facilitate the detection system prevalent in the workplace. It helps to understand the roles of the team leaders that assist the managers to attain the desires objectives. Therefore, company focuses on introducing different departments to run their work in smooth manner. It is observed that the manager of RD Department of Accenture has worked on introducing different project development strategies to improve the business performance of the company. The team leaders focus on including democratic leadership style that helps in strengthening the relation between employees and team leaders that affect their business operation. Accenture has worked on introducing different security policies to provide better service to the employees. The managers from different departments help in enhancing the security service in the organization. The team members have focused on incorporating different technological equipments that assist the company to improve their business operation. Team leaders of Accenture help in improving the security plan that affects the business plan of the company. The team members focus on enhancing the quality of equipment needed in the manufacturing site. It helps to increase the productivity of the business operation. Conclusion: In the present scenario, the present proposal will help to address the security plan taken by Accenture. It will assist to understand the necessary actions that are required to protect the safety needs of the workers in the workplace. The proposal will assist to understand the solution required to dissolve the matter prevalent in the project. Here, the resources required to meet the solution have also been mentioned. The present proposal has also focused on addressing the team work project that helps to identify the needs required to dissolve the security issue faced in the organization. References: Bedi, R. (2015). Best practice in construction disputes [Book Review].Ethos: Official Publication of the Law Society of the Australian Capital Territory, (238), 42. Clarke, S., Probst, T. M., Guldenmund, F. W., Passmore, J. (2015).The Wiley Blackwell Handbook of the Psychology of Occupational Safety and Workplace Health. John Wiley Sons. Jailer, T., Lara-Meloy, M., Robbins, M. (2016). Promoting Worker Health on the Job and in the Community: A Vital Resource for Workers and Advocates. Lefkowitz, R. Y. (2015). International Seafarers and Transnationalism in the Twenty-First Century. Mackey, A., Gass, S. M. (2015).Second language research: Methodology and design. Routledge. McCaughey, D., DelliFraine, J. L., McGhan, G., Bruning, N. S. (2013). The negative effects of workplace injury and illness on workplace safety climate perceptions and health care worker outcomes.Safety science,51(1), 138-147. Okun, A. H., Guerin, R. J., Schulte, P. A. (2016). Foundational workplace safety and health competencies for the emerging workforce.Journal of Safety Research. Runkle, J., Culley, J., Economos, J., Mac, V., Tovar, J. A., Flocks, J. J., McCauley, L. (2014). Participatory Educational Intervention to Address Heat, Ergonomic Stress, and Pesticide Exposure as Workplace Hazards for Female Farmworkers in Central Florida.Journal of agromedicine,19(2), 235-235. Smith, J. A. (Ed.). (2015).Qualitative psychology: A practical guide to research methods. Sage. Steel, E. (2015). Ten pathways to death and disaster: Learning from fatal incidents in mines and other high hazard workplaces [Book Review].Ethos: Official Publication of the Law Society of the Australian Capital Territory, (238), 42.

Skin Cancer in Australia

Cancer is a deadly disease. Skin cancer is very prevalent in Australia. It is among the leading causes of deaths in the country. This is attributed to various factors. They include unfavourable climate, the composition of the skin of the people as well as proximity to the equator which is associated with high ultra violet rays. The social attitudes of the people and their love for outdoors are also another factor.Advertising We will write a custom research paper sample on Skin Cancer in Australia specifically for you for only $16.05 $11/page Learn More Skin cancer is severe with two out of three Australians requiring treatment for skin cancer by the time they reach an age of 75 years. Australia has the highest cases of skin cancer worldwide. It is an ordeal that has been there since the 18th century and has claimed a lot of lives since then. It is unfortunate that the incidents of skin cancer in the country continue to increase day by day (Lane and Comac 78). According to Rajpar and Marsden (55), the rates of skin cancer in Australia are usually higher in lower latitudes as compared to higher latitudes and those people who are born in Australia as opposed to those born elsewhere. It is also clear that those with poor tanning ability are affected more and are more susceptible to skin cancer. There are various services and support that are provided by Cancer Council Victoria in regard to skin cancer in Australia. The fact that there have been many cases of deaths following skin cancer in the country has necessitated that various measures be adopted in an effort to minimize the cases and save lives and make the country a better place to be and live. Cancer Council Victoria is a non profit making unit that aims at plummeting the impact of cancer in the country. It provides a wide range of advice on issues associated with cancer. The organization also facilitates cancer research through funding. In addition, Cancer Council Victoria acts as an advocate for cancer patients and their relations and also facilitates support programs aimed at educating and preventing cancer incident among the citizens. Provision of an information service to the people is a significant role that helped people to take necessary precautions, an aspect that is incredibly crucial in preventing cancer (Rajpar and Marsden 56).. There have been considerable insights in regard to skin cancer in Australia especially in terms of how it has been advertised. The fact that skin cancer has claimed a lot of lives is an issue that has necessitated the creation of awareness in the best way possible. This has been in an attempt to minimize cases of skin and other cancers with the belief that prevention is usually better than cure.Advertising Looking for research paper on health medicine? Let's see if we can help you! Get your first paper with 15% OFF Learn More The availability of online cancer information and support service has for instan ce helped greatly in making the ordeal well known to as many individuals as possible hence facilitating taking of appropriate actions in regard to issues related to cancer. There have also been skin cancer awareness campaigns for example the National skin cancer awareness campaign that ended on 29th January 2010. The campaign was aimed at educating Australian teenagers on the seriousness of skin cancer and how susceptible they are. Sun protection strategies were also taught for instance seeking shade, wearing sun protection clothing, putting on wrap-around sunglasses and a protective hat as well as applying SPF30+ broad spectrum water resistant sunscreen regularly among other measures. Generally the issue of skin cancer in Australia is widely known to people despite the fact that the cases have not been mitigated appropriately (Australian government, Department of Health and Ageing par 1). Works Cited Australian government, Department of Health and Ageing. â€Å" National Skin Canc er Awareness Campaign.† Skin cancer, 2010. Web. Lane William and Comac Linda. The Skin Cancer Answer. New York: Penguin, 1998. Rajpar Sajjad and Marsden Jerry. ABC of Skin Cancer. New York: John Wiley and Sons, 2008 This research paper on Skin Cancer in Australia was written and submitted by user Marshall Phelps to help you with your own studies. You are free to use it for research and reference purposes in order to write your own paper; however, you must cite it accordingly. You can donate your paper here.

Understanding What Zai Na Li Means in English

Understanding What Zai Na Li Means in English The Mandarin question word for where† is Ã¥Å" ¨Ã¥â€œ ªÃ¨ £ ¡, written in the traditional form, or Ã¥Å" ¨Ã¥â€œ ªÃ©â€¡Å', written in simplified form. The pinyin is zi nÇŽ li. This term is particularly useful to know if you are traveling in China and want to learn or ask about new locations to explore.   Characters The term for where is made up of three characters: Ã¥Å" ¨ (zi)  which means located at, and the two characters å“ ªÃ¨ £ ¡ / å“ ªÃ©â€¡Å' (nÇŽ li) which put together means where. Combined, Ã¥Å" ¨Ã¥â€œ ªÃ¨ £ ¡ / Ã¥Å" ¨Ã¥â€œ ªÃ©â€¡Å' (zi nÇŽ li) literally means, â€Å"Where is it located?† The term å“ ªÃ¨ £ ¡ / å“ ªÃ©â€¡Å'  (nÇŽ li) is sometimes used by itself as a single-word question. Pronunciation With regards to tone marks, Ã¥Å" ¨ (zi) is in the 4th tone and å“ ª (nÇŽ) is in the 3rd tone. è £ ¡ / é‡Å' is usually pronounced in the 3rd tone (lÇ ) but when used as a question word for where it takes on an unaccented  neutral tone (li). Thus, in terms of tones, Ã¥Å" ¨Ã¥â€œ ªÃ¨ £ ¡ / Ã¥Å" ¨Ã¥â€œ ªÃ©â€¡Å' can also be referred to as zai na li. Examples WÇ’ de shÃ… « zi nÇŽ li?我的æ› ¸Ã¥Å" ¨Ã¥â€œ ªÃ¨ £ ¡? (traditional form)我的ä ¹ ¦Ã¥Å" ¨Ã¥â€œ ªÃ©â€¡Å'? (simplified form)Where is my book? WÇ’ men zi nÇŽ li jin?我們åÅ" ¨Ã¥â€œ ªÃ¨ £ ¡Ã¨ ¦â€¹?我ä » ¬Ã¥Å" ¨Ã¥â€œ ªÃ©â€¡Å'è § ?Where are we going to meet? Yà ºnnn shÄ›ng zi nÇŽ li?é› ²Ã¥ â€"çÅ" Ã¥â€œ ªÃ¨ £ ¡Ã¤ ºâ€˜Ã¥ â€"çÅ" Ã¥Å" ¨Ã¥â€œ ªÃ©â€¡Å'?Where is Yunnan province? ShnghÇŽi zi nÇŽ li?ä ¸Å Ã¦ µ ·Ã¥Å" ¨Ã¥â€œ ªÃ¨ £ ¡?ä ¸Å Ã¦ µ ·Ã¥Å" ¨Ã¥â€œ ªÃ©â€¡Å'Where is Shanghai? NÇ  yo qà ¹ nÇŽlÇ  lÇšxà ­ng?ä ½  Ã¨ ¦ Ã¥Å½ »Ã¥â€œ ªÃ¨ £ ¡Ã¦â€"…è ¡Å'ä ½  Ã¨ ¦ Ã¥Å½ »Ã¥â€œ ªÃ©â€¡Å'æâ€"…è ¡Å'Where do you want to travel?

Spanish Golden Age Painting Essay Example | Topics and Well Written Essays - 5000 words

Spanish Golden Age Painting - Essay Example From a political point of view the Spanish Golden Age lasted from the mid fifteenth till the late sixteenth centuries, but paradoxically reached a cultural and artistic climax when the country was in a state of political and economic decline, between the late sixteenth and seventeenth centuries. In a time as significant as the Spanish Golden Age from a religious and historical point of view, the surrounding influences of class, gender, and religion, including issues of patronage, are extremely important. In order to understand the circumstances surrounding and influencing the artists discussed, attention will be given to the surrounding historical circumstances, while biographical details will be used to connect the work of art with the surrounding historical factors. At the same time, the unpredictability with which artistic genius reacts to its surrounding circumstances will be respected at all times. Research QuestionDiscuss Power and Control in Spanish Golden Age painting , focussing on the visual image as a representation of the social order in Spain's Golden Age (15th-17th centuries) and the influence on the Catholic Counter Reformation in Spain. An overview will be given of the historic and religious circumstances surrounding the following Spanish artists from the golden age: Sofonisba Anguissola (1532- 1625) El Greco (born as Domenikos Theotokopolos (1541-1614), Francisco de Zurbaran, (1598-1664) and Diego Velsquez (1599-1660).The study also intends to show how these historical and religious factors have influenced each individual artist and his or her work, depending on his or her class or race. The works that will be discussed are a self portrait by Anguissola, a self-portrait of the Zurbaran as "St Luke Painting the Crucifixion", a portrait by El Greco of "The Great Inquisitor Don Fernando Nino de Guevara" and Velsquez's famous "Portrait of "Pope Innocent X" and "Las Meninas."In the case of the female Anguissola it will be shown how her class as a noble woman and her piety in a Spain after Isabella, when the Virgin cult was flourishing, helped her to be recognized in court circles at a time when female artists were almost non-existent, and on the other hand, how she was restricted by her gender.In the case of El Greco the fact that he was a foreigner in Toledo at a time when the Counter Reformation was combined with a xenophobic hatred for Jews and Muslims, his rejection by King Phillip II and his patronage by clerics with whom he was surrounded had an influence on a creativity which nevertheless remained enigmatic.In the case of Francisco de Zurbaran the influence of his religious patrons on his work and life are more obvious: combining naturalism with religious sensibility, " conf orming to the guidelines, for counter reformation artists outlined by the Council of Trent." (Mans, 1) History of Spain Spain

Stagnant Sales Growth Research Proposal Example | Topics and Well Written Essays - 2000 words

Stagnant Sales Growth - Research Proposal Example Particularly affected is the retail trade industry which comprises a large segment of consumer sales. This study will provide an insight and over view to answer the question, â€Å"How has the retail industry performed over 2008?† It will particularly address employment issues and factors that affect the retail industry There are a big number of consumers in US, a representative number of labor forces in the retail trade industry, and billions of dollar investments in retail industry that has been in one way or another adversely affected by the economic crisis. Archival information will be gathered from existing journals, web reports and information and cross referenced for validity. The number of literatures to be reviewed will depend on the availability of references and practical use to study. Research instruments to be used are data collection and gathering thru published literatures. Published data will come from reliable information providers and knowledgeable organization that can support information. Studies on previous sales growth of the retail industry will be reviewed and compared with the present situation. News, reports and other allied information about employment and sales in the industry will be shown. Similar situations in other countries will also be presented to show that this is a real situation. The review of literature supports the hypotheses statement, â€Å"Are sales and employment growth affected by the economic crisis.† The global economic crisis is an overused clichà ©, but it has made an impact on the retail trade industry. First, the growth of the retail industry felt the slump during the 2008 onwards, and it is forecast to move on till 2010. Second, employment was badly hurt by recession that cut offs are unavoidable in many retail institutions in the United States. These undue activities have affected the performance of the retail industry not only in